{"id":10952,"date":"2020-04-07T12:18:14","date_gmt":"2020-04-07T12:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.kaleelah.com\/blog\/vowels-in-arabic-short-vowels-harakat-sukun-shadda-and-tanwin\/"},"modified":"2020-04-07T12:18:14","modified_gmt":"2020-04-07T12:18:14","slug":"vowels-in-arabic-short-vowels-harakat-sukun-shadda-and-tanwin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.kaleelah.com\/en\/blog\/vowels-in-arabic-short-vowels-harakat-sukun-shadda-and-tanwin\/","title":{"rendered":"Vowels in Arabic: Short Vowels (Harakat), Sukun, Shadda, and Tanwin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vowels, in all languages (that we know of), are much less in number <\/a>than consonants. But that doesn\u2019t disregard their importance. Like English, Arabic language has short vowels and long vowels. Today, we are going into short vowel marks in Arabic including the Arabic fatha, kasra, damma, and sukoon. We are also learning how to write tanween for all of them: Arabic double vowels. Arabic vowels for beginners lesson starts now.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s start with the vowels meaning in Arabic. \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a pronounced \/harakat\/, <\/em>refer to the short vowels. There are three short Arabic vowels: fatha, damma, and kasra. Sukoon is a specific case and we will discuss it later on.<\/p>\n

Fatha<\/h2>\n

The fatha in phonics is the short \/a\/ sound. It is a short line reaching to the sky. It is the same sound as in the word \u201ccut\u201d. In Arabic, you would write it as \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 and it looks like this \u064e<\/p>\n

The word fatha meanings opening and this is what it literally does. It opens up the word, elevating it. For example, the letter \u0633 is pronounced \/seen\/. <\/em>With the addition of the fatha, it becomes \u0633\u064e pronounced \/sa\/. <\/em>It is as if the sound went up.<\/p>\n

Originally, each short vowel originates, if you wish, from an original long vowel. The Arabic fatha comes from the alif long vowel \u0622 pronounced \/\u0101\/ as in \u201ccat.\u201d Let\u2019s look at an example:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Word<\/strong><\/td>\nWith Harakat<\/strong><\/td>\nTransliteration<\/strong><\/td>\nMeaning<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u0643\u0646<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0633\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0646\u064e<\/strong><\/td>\n\/sakana\/<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n(he) lived<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Damma<\/h2>\n

The damma in phonics is the short \/u\/ sound. It is an exact replica of the letter\u0648  \/waaw\/, <\/em>but smaller.<\/em> The damma in Arabic is \u0636\u0645\u0629 and it looks like this on top of the consonant: \u064f<\/p>\n

One of the many meanings of damma is to piece together in a cuddle-like way, and this is what it does to a letter. For example, the letter \u0643 is pronounced \/saf\/. <\/em>With the addition of the damma, it becomes \u0643\u064f pronounced \/ku\/. <\/em>It feels like it has been cuddled in.  <\/p>\n

You probably already guessed it, but the Arabic damma comes from the long vowel \u0648 pronounced \u016b\/ as in \u201csoon.\u201d Let\u2019s look at an example:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Word<\/strong><\/td>\nWith Harakat<\/strong><\/td>\nTransliteration<\/strong><\/td>\nMeaning<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n\/kotob\/<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\nBooks<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kasra<\/h2>\n

The kasra in phonics is the short \/i\/ sound. It looks exactly like the fatha but is under the consonant.<\/em> The word \u201csit\u201d represents this vowel perfectly. The Arabic kasra is \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629 and is it presented like this under its consonant: \u0650<\/p>\n

The word kasra refers to something being broken or has broken. Similarly, this short Arabic vowel does the same for a word in the sense that it takes it down, or almost breaks it. For example, the letter \u0641is pronounced \/fa\u2019\/<\/em>, however, with the kasra it becomes \u0641\u0650 pronounced \/fi\/. <\/em>It took the letter down.  <\/p>\n

The kasra is taken from the long vowel \u064a pronounced \/ya\/, <\/em>such as the case in the word \u201csleep.\u201d Let\u2019s look at an example:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Word<\/strong><\/td>\nWith Harakat<\/strong><\/td>\nTransliteration<\/strong><\/td>\nMeaning<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0641\u0650\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\/fi\/<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\nin<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sukoon<\/h2>\n

The sukoon is very different simply because it is the only one that is unvoiced. It simply means there is no sound on that consonant. It has no phonic representation, and for that reason, it is not regarded as an official short vowel. Nonetheless, it is still one of the official Arabic harakat.<\/p>\n

Sukoon in Arabic is basically a small circle above the consonant.<\/em>  The Arabic Sukoon can be is written like this: \u0652<\/p>\n

\u201cSukoon\u201d literally means stillness and silence, which is what it does to a sound anyway. For example, the letter \u0628is pronounced \/ba\u2019\/<\/em>, but with sukoon it becomes \u0628\u0652 pronounced \/ib\/. <\/em>It eliminated any sounds. It is much clearer when seen in a word.  The sukoon is not taken from long vowel. It is independent from everything. Let\u2019s look at an example:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n
Word<\/strong><\/td>\nWith Harakat<\/strong><\/td>\nTransliteration<\/strong><\/td>\nMeaning<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u0628\u062a<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n\u0633\u0628\u0652\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n\/sabt\/<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\nSaturday<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>
\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tanween<\/h2>\n

Tanween is known in nunnation. This is when we add a final \/n\/ to Arabic words. <\/p>\n

For example:<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b<\/strong> means secret <\/em>and is pronounced \/sirran\/<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064c<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>means heart <\/em>and it is pronounced \/qalbon\/<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u064d<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>means word <\/em>and it is <\/em>pronounced \/kalimatin\/<\/em><\/p>\n

There are two things to notice here:<\/p>\n

One is that the tanween literally doubles the fatha, damma, and kasra by adding a second haraka.<\/p>\n

Two is that they all end with \/an\/, \/un\/ or \/in\/. Basically the short vowel sound + the \/n\/ sound at the end.<\/p>\n

Naturally, there is no tanween for the sukoon as it is a silent haraka.<\/p>\n

Shadda<\/h2>\n

This is “the double vowel”. Exactly as its name suggests, this means that the vowel is doubled in pronunciation. You would assume that doubling means writing it twice, but not in this case. What happen in the \u0634\u062f\u0629 , this \u0651 mark is added.<\/p>\n

For example:  <\/p>\n

\u0641\u062a\u064e\u0651\u062d\u064e<\/strong> means (it) opened,  pronounced  \/fattaha\/<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0645\u064f\u0631\u064f\u0651<\/strong> means bitter, pronounced \/morro\/<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0631<\/strong> means break, pronounced \/kassir\/<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

In conclusion, if you liked this article and would like to start learning Arabic, why not head over to our website and download <\/a>the Kaleela Arabic learning app and learn to speak Arabic today? With the Kaleela Arabic learning app you can start learning Arabic on your own, at your own pace, whenever and wherever you want. It really is the best way to learn Arabic! Try it now and find out why.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vowels, in all languages (that we know of), are much less in number than consonants. But that doesn\u2019t disregard their importance. Like English, Arabic language has short vowels and long vowels. Today, we are going into short vowel marks in Arabic including the Arabic fatha, kasra, damma, and sukoon. We are also learning how to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10942,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[77],"class_list":["post-10952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-arabic-grammar"],"yoast_head":"\nVowels in Arabic: Short Vowels (Harakat), Sukun, Shadda, and Tanwin - Kaleela App<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vowels in Arabic: Short Vowels (Harakat), Sukun, Shadda, and Tanwin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vowels, in all languages (that we know of), are much less in number than consonants. But that doesn\u2019t disregard their importance. Like English, Arabic language has short vowels and long vowels. Today, we are going into short vowel marks in Arabic including the Arabic fatha, kasra, damma, and sukoon. 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